What is the primary goal of archaeological fieldwork?

The primary goal of archaeological fieldwork is to discover and preserve archaeological sites. This process involves systematically searching for, documenting, and protecting sites that contain evidence of past human activity. Through excavation and survey techniques, archaeologists aim to uncover artifacts, structures, and other features that provide insights into historical cultures and societies.

By uncovering these materials, archaeologists contribute to the understanding of human history and prehistory, which may otherwise remain hidden. Preservation is equally important as it involves ensuring that these sites and findings are maintained for future research and education, safeguarding cultural heritage for subsequent generations.

The other options—creating landscape designs, studying written records, and conducting interviews with local historians—while they can be part of the broader field of anthropology or related studies, do not represent the primary focus of archaeological fieldwork. The discipline is fundamentally concerned with the tangible remnants of the past rather than more contemporary or theoretical methodologies.