Which of the following best describes the approach of functionalism in sociology?

Functionalism in sociology is best described by its emphasis on the roles and contributions of various institutions to societal stability. This approach views society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability. Each institution, whether it be family, education, religion, or government, serves a function that helps maintain the overall equilibrium of society.

By analyzing how these different components interact and support one another, functionalism seeks to understand the social structures that contribute to the functionality of the whole. This perspective helps explain how social order is achieved and maintained, emphasizing that social practices and institutions should be evaluated based on the roles they play in sustaining the structure and stability of society. This is in direct contrast to other sociological perspectives that may focus on conflict, economic factors alone, or critique irrational behaviors without considering their roles in the larger system.